Young adults face a new auditory challenge as noise-canceling headphones may be linked to processing disorders.
Have we been harming ourselves all along?
At a Glance
- Prolonged use of noise-cancelling headphones may be causing hearing problems in young people
- Audiologists report an increase in young adults with Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)
- APD affects the brain’s ability to interpret sounds, despite normal hearing levels
- Experts suggest noise-cancelling technology might hinder the brain’s ability to filter background noise
- Limited NHS care is available for APD, with long waiting lists for treatment
The Rise of Auditory Processing Disorder in Young Adults
In a concerning trend, audiologists at five National Health Service (NHS) trusts in the United Kingdom have reported a surge in young people being referred for hearing issues. However, these individuals aren’t experiencing traditional hearing loss. Instead, they’re grappling with a condition known as Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), which affects the brain’s ability to interpret sounds despite normal hearing levels.
APD, traditionally diagnosed in children, is now being increasingly observed in young adults. Symptoms include difficulty understanding fast speech, trouble identifying the origin of sounds, and challenges comprehending speech in noisy environments. This unexpected rise in APD cases among young adults has led experts to investigate potential causes, with noise-cancelling headphones emerging as a possible culprit.
Noise-cancelling headphones may be linked to rise in Gen Z neurological problems, experts fear
Cases of what is known as auditory processing disorder are increasing among young peoplehttps://t.co/ZoUjKV92DW— Reiner (@erlesen) February 17, 2025
Claire Benton from the British Academy of Audiology has raised concerns about the impact of noise-cancelling technology on auditory skill development. She suggests that these headphones might be creating a “false environment” that hinders the brain’s natural ability to filter and process various sounds.
“You have almost created this false environment by wearing those headphones of only listening to what you want to listen to. You are not having to work at it,” Benton revealed.
This theory is particularly concerning given that complex listening skills in the brain continue to develop into the late teens. Excessive use of noise-cancelling headphones during this critical period could potentially delay or impair this development process.
“So, if you have only been wearing noise-cancelling headphones and been in this false world for your late teens then you are slightly delaying your ability to process speech and noise,” Benton also said.
While APD is estimated to affect 2% to 7% of school-aged children, its prevalence in adults remains unclear. The condition can lead to difficulties in social interactions, academic performance, and overall quality of life. Unfortunately, NHS care for APD is limited, with only one trust offering full treatment for those aged 16 and over, and a waiting list of about nine months.
Balancing Benefits and Risks
It’s important to note that noise-cancelling headphones aren’t without their benefits. They can be effective in preserving hearing in loud environments, which is crucial for preventing noise-induced hearing loss. However, the potential link to APD raises questions about their long-term impact on auditory processing abilities.
If you use headphones, you should be aware of the risks.
For those concerned about APD, experts recommend consulting a primary care physician for a referral to audiology services.